吴仲义

吴仲义，男，博士，现任中山大学生命科学来自学院教授、博士生导师。

• 中文名称 吴仲义
• 毕业院校 加拿大英属哥伦比亚大学
• 学位/学历 博士
• 专业方向 群体遗传学
• 任职院校 中山大学

个人经历

教育经历

　　1972年-1976年 学士 中国台湾 东海大学 生物学

　　1977年-1982年 博士 加拿大 加拿大英属哥伦比亚大学 群体遗传学

工作经历

　　1982年6月-1984年12月 美国 德克萨斯大学休斯顿健康中心 博士后

　　1985年1月来自-1986年7月 美国 威斯康辛大学麦迪逊分校 博士后

　　1986年8月-1990年8月 美国 罗彻斯特大学 助理教授

　　1990年9月-1991年6月 美国 罗彻斯特大学 副教授

　　1991年7月-1998年6月 美国 芝加哥大学 副教授

　　1998年7月-2006年6月 美国 芝加哥大学生态与进化系 系主任

　　1998年7月-2008年5月 美国 芝加哥大学 教授

　　2008年6月-2014年5月 中国 中国科学院北京基因组研究所 所长

　　2014年6月 至今 中国 中山大学生命科学学院 蒸属序句教授

　　2004年被评为台湾中研院院士。

　　现任中山大学生命科学学院教授、博士生导师。

讲授课程

　　本科生:进化生物学，基因与基因组学

　　研究生:群体遗传学

研究方向

　　体细胞突变与癌症的群体基因组学;果蝇物种形成的分子和群体遗传学研究;果蝇microRNAs进化基因组学与自然选择

学术成就

　　长期从事分子进化、群体遗传学和进化基因组学方面的研究，尤其在物种形成和自然选择的遗传学基础方面做出了突出贡献。率先在遗传学实验的基础上把物种形成研究带入分子层次，首先在模式动物果蝇的研究中引入尖端基因取代技术来解答最经典的生态学问题。同时在自私基因、分子钟、X染色体退化及进化基因组学等领域的研究也取得了独创性成果。所提出的生殖隔离遗传机制假说和物种形成的基因概念等重要理论是对传统的物种生物学理念的革新。在Science、Nature、PNAS等国际一流学术期刊上发表论文130多篇;作为通讯作者，在Science、Natu龙吗re、Cell杂志上发表文章14篇。2011年获国家自然科学奖二等奖。目前任National Science Review杂志版块主编。

　　近年更开创性地将进化和系统生物的研究策略引入肿瘤基因组学研究中，率先采用群体遗传学理论和高通量测序手段分析来自肿瘤发生发展的历史，为研究癌症起源，开发早期检测和肿瘤的助镇兰错黑著演个体化治疗开拓了全耐卷新的研究思路和方向，并揭子达谓应影弱吃全推广示了miRNA的功能很可能360百科在调控系统中具有缓冲作用和维持转录组的稳定态，说明了miRNA在肿瘤非正常调控系统中的作用。目前在肿瘤演化方面的工作已有多突因经销影回赵单独束考篇文章发表在Annual Review of Genetics、PNAS、National Science Review杂志上。

承担课题

　　架国家自然科学基金委员会球间发卫眼附左重点项目 从多基因互作报困讲及miRNA调控网络水平研究生殖隔离的遗传机制 2018.01-2022.12

论文专著

　　Ting, C.-T., S. C. Tsaur, M.-L. Wu and C.-I Wu, 1元星江齐板绿998 A rapidly evolving homeobox at the site of a 土汉必的固植hybrid sterility gene. Scie罪时治开nce 282: 1501–1504.

　　Wyckoff, G. J., W. Wang and C.-I Wu, 2000 Rapid evolution of male reproductive genes in the descent of man. Nature 403: 304 –309.

　　Sawamura, 年K., A. W. Da敌vis and C.-I Wu, 2000 Genetic analysis by means of introgressi束蒸营取得留服叫余on into Dr茶什范范机集自osophila melanogaster. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 97: 2652–2655.

　　Ting, T.-C., S. C. Tsaur and C.-I Wu, 2半且不言两此映因鲜效雨000 The phylogeny of closely related species as 比revealed by the genealogy of a speciation gene, Odysseus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 97: 5313–5316.

　　Fay, J. C. and C.-I Wu, 2000 Hitchhiking und点互践衡跳说到裂er positive Darwinian selection. Genetics 155: 1405–1413.

　　Takahashi, A, S. C. Tsaur, J. A. Coyne and C.-I Wu, 2001 The nucleotide changes governing pheromonal variation in Drosophila and their evolution. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 98: 3920–3925.

　　Fay, J. C., G. J. Wyckoff and C.-I Wu, 2001 Positive and negative selection on the human genome. Genetics 158: 1227–1234.

　　Ting, C.-T., A. Takahashi and C.-I Wu, 2001 Incipient speciation by sexual selection: concurrent evolution at multiple loci. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 98: 6709–6713 (see also Nature 412:31–32)

　　Wu, C.-I, 2001 The genic view of the process of speciation. J. Evol. Biol. 14: 851–865.

　　Fay, J. C., G. J. Wyckoff and C.-I Wu, 2002 Testing the neutral theory of molecular evolution with genomic data. Nature 415: 1024–1026.

　　Wu, C.-I and E. Y. Xu, 2003 Sexual antagonism and X-inactivation - The SAXI hypothesis. Trends in Genetics 19: 243–247.

　　Wang, H-Y., H. Tang, C. K. Shen and C.-I Wu, 2003 Rapidly evolving genes in human – I. The glycophorins and their possible role in evading malaria parasites. Mol. Biol. Evol. 20: 1795–1804.

　　Greenberg, A. J., J. R. Moran, J. A. Coyne, and C.-I Wu, 2003 Ecological adaptation during incipient speciation as revealed by precise gene replacement. Science 302: 1754–1757.

　　Lu, J., W.-H. Li and C.-I Wu, 2003 Chromosomal speciation and gene flow. Science 302: 988c.

　　Wu, C.-I, S. Shi and Y. Zhang, 2004 A case for conservation. Nature 428: 213–214. (A commentary in a supplementary issue).

　　Wu, C.-I and C.-T. Ting, 2004 Genes and speciation. Nature Review Genetics 5: 114–122.

　　He, J et al. (51 authors) 2004. Molecuar evolution of the SARS-conronavirus during the course of SARS-epidemic in China. Science 303: 1666–1669. (C.-I Wu is a communicating author for the data analysis section).

　　Ting, C., S. Tsuar, S. Sun, W. Browne, N. Patel and C.-I Wu, 2004 Gene duplication and speciation in Drosophila – Evidence from the Odysseus locus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 101: 12232–12235.

　　Sun, S, C. Ting, and C.-I Wu, 2004 The normal function of a speciation gene, Odysseus, and its hybrid sterility effect. Science 305: 81–83.

　　Osada, N. and C.-I Wu, 2005 Testing the mode of speciation with genomic data - Examples from the great apes. Genetics 169: 259–264.

　　Song, H.-D. et al. C.-I Wu and G.-P. Zhao, 2005 Cross-host evolution of SARS coronavirus in palm civet and human. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 102: 2430–2435.

　　Lu, J. and C.-I Wu, 2005 Weak selection revealed by the whole-genome comparison between the X and autosomes of human and chimpanzee. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 102: 4063–4067.

　　Lu, J., T. Tang, J. Huang, S. Shi, and C.-I Wu, 2006 The accumulation of deleterious mutations in the rice genomes: a hypothesis on the cost of domestication. Trends in Genetics 22: 126–131.

　　Zeng, K., S.-H. Shi, Y. X. Fu and C.-I Wu, 2006 Statistical Tests for Detecting Positive Selection by Utilizing High Frequency SNPs. Genetics 174: 1431–1439.

　　Tang, T., J. Lu, J. Huang, J. He, Y. Shen, K. Zeng, S. R. McCouch, M. D. Purugganan, S. Shi and C.-I Wu. 2006 Genomic variation in rice - Genesis of highly polymorphic linkdage blocks during domestication. Plos Genetics 2: 1824–1833.

　　Wang, H.-Y., H.-C. Chien, N. Osada, K. Hashimoto, S. Sugano, T. Gojobori, C.-K. Chou, S.-F. Tsai, C.-I Wu, C.-K. James Shen, 2007 Rate of evolution in brain-expressed genes in humans. Plos Biology 5: 335–342.

　　Shapiro, J. A. et al. C.-I Wu, 2007 Adaptive Genic evolution in the Drosophila genomes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 104: 2271–2276.

　　Gojobori, J., H. Tang, J. Akey and C.-I Wu, 2007 Negative correlation between the two phases of molecular evolution-constraint and adaptation in the human genomes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 104: 3907–3912.

　　Zeng, K., S. Mano, S. Shi and C.-I Wu, 2007 Comparisons of site- and Haplotype-Frequency methods for detecting positive selection. Molec. Biol. Evol. 24(7): 1562–1574.

　　Lu, J., Y. Fu, S. Kumar, Y. Shen, R. W. Carthew and C.-I Wu, 2008 Adaptive evolution of newly-ermged microRNA genes in Drosophila. Molec. Biol. Evol. 25: 929–938.

　　Lu, J., Y. Shen, Q. Wu, S. Kumar, B. He, S. Shi, R. W. Carthew, S. Wang and C.-I Wu, 2008 The birth and death of microRNA genes in Drosophila. Nature Genetics 40: 351–355.

　　Wang, H., Y. Fu, M. McPeek, X. Lu, S. Nuzhdin, A. Xu, M. Wu and C.-I Wu, 2008 Complex genetic interactions underlying expression differences between Drosophila races - Analysis of chromosome substitutions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 105: 6362–6367.

　　Wu, C.-I, H. Wang, S. Ling and X. Lu, 2016 The Ecology and Evolution of Cancer–The ultra-microevolutionary process. Annu. Rev. Genet. 50: 15.1–15.23.

　　Yu, L., G. D. Wang, J. Ruan, Y. B. Chen, C. P. Yang, X. Cao, H. Wu, Y. H. Liu, Z. L. Du, X. P. Wang, J. Yang, S. C. Cheng, L. Zhong, L. Wang, X. Wang, J. Y. Hu, L. Fang, B. Bai, K. L. Wang, N. Yuan, S. F. Wu, B. G. Li, J. G. Zhang, Y. Q. Yang, C. L. Zhang, Y. C. Long, H. S. Li, J. Y. Yang, D. M. Irwin, O. A. Ryder, Y. Li, C.-I Wu and Y. P. Zhang, 2016 Genomics analysis of snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus) identifies genes and processes related to high-altitude adaptation. Nat. Genet. 48(8): 947–952.

　　Wang, K. L., S. J. Lai, X. X. Yang, T. Q. Zhu, X. M. Lu, C.-I Wu and J. Ruan, 2017 Ultrasensitive and high-efficiency screen of de novo low-frequency mutations by o2n-seq. Nature Communications. 8: 15335. | DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15335

　　Chen, Y. X., D. Tong and C.-I Wu, 2017 A new formulation of random genetic drift and its application to the evolution of cell populations. Mol. Biol. Evol. 34(8). | doi:10.1093/molbev/msx161

　　Li, C. Y., Y. L. Hou, J. Xu, A. Q. Zhang, Z. Z. Liu, F. R. Qi, Z. Y. Yang, K. Chen, S. X. Liu, H. W. Huang, Q. F. Wang, J. H. Dong, C.-I Wu and X. M. Lu, 2017 A direct test of selection in cell populations using the diversity in gene expression within tumors. Mol. Biol. Evol. 34(7): 1730–1742.

　　Chen, Y. X., H. J. Wen and C.-I Wu, 2017 A mathematical theory of the Transcription Repression (TR) therapy of cancer – Whether and how it may work. Oncotarget 8(24): 38642–38649. | doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.16957

　　Yang, M., Z. W. He, S. H. Shi and C.-I Wu, 2017 Can genomic data alone tell us whether speciation happened with gene flow? Molecular Ecology 6: 2845–2849.

　　Yang, M., Z. W. He, Y. L. Huang, L. Lu, Y. B. Yan, L. Hong, H. Shen, Y. Liu, Q. Guo, L. Jiang, Y. W. Zhang, A. J. Greenberg, R. C. Zhou, X. J. Ge, C.-I Wu and S. H. Shi, 2017 The emergence of the hyper-invasive vine, Mikania micrantha (Asteraceae), via admixture and founder events inferred from population Transcriptomics. Molecular Ecology 26: 3405–3423. | DOI: 10.1111/mec.14124

　　Xu, S. H., Z. W. He, Z. X. Guo, Z. Zhang, G. J. Wyckoff, A. Greenberg, C.-I Wu and S. H. Shi, 2017 Genome-Wide Convergence during Evolution of Mangroves from Woody Plants. Mol. Biol. Evol. 34(4): 1008–1015.

　　Xu, S. H., Z. W. He, Z. Zhang, Z. X. Guo, W. X. Guo, H. M. Lyu, J. F. Li, M. Yang, Z. L. Du, Y. L. Huang, R. C. Zhou, C. R. Zhong, D. E. Boufford, M. Lerdau, C.-I Wu, N. C. Duke and S. H. Shi, 2017 The origin, diversification and adaptation of a major mangrove clade (Rhizophoreae) revealed by whole genome sequencing. National Science Review 4: 721–734.

　　Liufu, Z. Q., Y. X. Zhao, L. Guo, G. X. Miao, J. Xiao, Y. Lyu, Y. X. Chen, S. H. Shi, T. Tang and C.-I Wu, 2017 Redundant and incoherent regulations of multiple phenotypes suggest microRNAs' role in stability control. Genome Res. 27(10): 1665–1673.

　　Zhao, Y. X., X. Shen, T. Tang and C.-I Wu, 2017 Weak Regulation of Many Targets Is Cumulatively Powerful-An Evolutionary Perspective on microRNA Functionality. Mol. Biol. Evol. 34(12): 3041.

　　Xu, J., X. X. Peng, Y. X. Chen, Y. Z. Zhang, Q. Ma, L. Liang, A. C. Carter, X. M. Lu and C.-I Wu, 2017 Free-living human cells reconfigure their chromosomes in the evolution back to uni-cellularity. Elife 6: e28070. | doi: 10.7554/eLife.28070.

　　Wang, H. Y., Y. X. Chen, D. Tong, S. P. Ling, Z. Hu, Y. Tao, X. M. Lu and C.-I Wu, 2018 Is the evolution in tumors Darwinian or non-Darwinian? National Science Review 5(1): 15–17.

　　Zhao, Y. X., P. Lin, Z. Q. Liufu, H. Yang, Y. Lyu, X. Shen, C.-I Wu and T. Tang, 2018 Regulation of Large Number of Weak Targets-New Insights from Twin-microRNAs. Genome Biol. Evol. 10(5): 1255–1264.

　　Lu, G. G., Y. X. Zhao, Z. Q. Liufu and C.-I Wu, 2018 On the possibility of death of new genes – evidence from the deletion of de novo microRNAs. BMC Genomics 19(1): 388.

　　Lu, G. G., Y. X. Zhao, H. Yang, A. Lan, S. H. Shi, Z. Q. Liufu, Y. Huang, T. Tang, J. Xu, X. Shen and C.-I Wu, 2018 Death of new microRNA genes in Drosophila via gradual loss of fitness advantages. Genome Res. 28(9): 1309–1318.

所获荣誉

　　2021年12月15日，入选全国科技系统抗击新冠肺炎疫情先进个人拟表彰名单。